创新不息：尽管发生2019冠状病毒病大流行，2020年产权组织国际专利申请量仍继续增长，中国国际专利申请量保持第一

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尽管2019冠状病毒病大流行造成巨大的人员和经济损失，但2020年通过产权组织提交的国际专利申请量仍继续增长。两大主要用户中国和美国的申请量均实现年度增长。

International patent applications via WIPO in 2020 continued to grow amid the COVID-19 pandemic’s vast human and economic toll, with leading users China and the U.S. each marking annual growth in filings.

通过产权组织《专利合作条约》（PCT）提交的国际专利申请量，是衡量创新活动广泛使用的指标之一。尽管全球GDP预计降低3.5%，但2020年的PCT申请量增长了4%，达到27.59万件申请，这是有史以来的最高数量。

International patent applications filed via WIPO’s Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT), which is one of the widely used metrics for measuring innovative activity, grew by 4% in 2020 to reach 275,900 applications – the highest number ever, despite an estimated drop in global GDP of 3.5%.

中国（68,720件申请，同比增长16.1%）仍是产权组织PCT体系的最大用户，位居其后的是美国（59,230件申请，+3%）、日本（50,520件申请，-4.1%）、大韩民国（20,060件申请，+5.2%）和德国（18,643件申请，-3.7%）

China (68,720 applications, +16.1% year-on-year growth) remained the largest user of WIPO’s PCT System, followed by the U.S. (59,230 applications, +3%), Japan (50,520 applications, -4.1%), the Republic of Korea (20,060 applications, +5.2%) and Germany (18,643 applications, -3.7%).

图丨WIPO Photo provided by WIPO

除了前十名之外，其他增长强劲的国家包括沙特阿拉伯（956件申请，+73.2%）、马来西亚（255件申请，+26.2%）、智利（262件申请，+17.0%）、新加坡（1,278件申请，+14.9%）和巴西（697件申请，+8.4%）。较长期趋势指向创新的全球化，亚洲占所有PCT申请活动的53.7%，而10年前为35.7%。

Beyond the top 10, other countries that saw strong growth include Saudi Arabia (956 applications, +73.2%), Malaysia (255 applications, +26.2%), Chile (262 applications, +17.0%), Singapore (1,278 applications, +14.9%) and Brazil (697 applications, +8.4%). Longer term trends point to the globalization of innovation, with Asia accounting for 53.7% percent of all PCT filing activity, versus 35.7% 10 years ago.

对国际商标体系的使用有所下降，但只是略有下降。这是预料之中的，因为商标往往代表着推出新的商品和服务——这两者都因全球大流行疫情而放缓。2020年，通过产权组织商标国际注册马德里体系提交的国际商标申请量减少了0.6%至63,800件，这是自2008-2009年全球金融危机以来的首次下滑。

Use of the international trademark system dipped, but only slightly. This was expected given that trademarks tend to represent the introduction of new goods and services – both of which slowed as a result of the global pandemic. International trademark applications via WIPO’s Madrid System for the International Registration of Marks decreased by 0.6% to 63,800 in 2020 - the first decline since the global financial crisis of 2008-2009.

大流行疫情的经济后果打击了通过工业品外观设计国际注册海牙体系保护工业品外观设计的需求。2020年的需求量下滑了15%，减至18,580项外观设计，这是自2006年以来的首次下滑。

The economic fallout from the pandemic hit demand for the protection of industrial designs via the Hague System for the International Registration of Industrial Designs. Demand fell by 15% in 2020 to 18,580 designs – the first decline since 2006.

知识产权帮助创新者和企业把创意推向市场，全世界对知识产权的需求从历史上看大致与全球经济表现同步。然而，在过去十年中，产权组织全球知识产权服务使用量的增长，尤其是PCT使用量的增长，已经超过了全球GDP的增长。

Worldwide demand for IP rights, which help innovators and enterprises take their ideas to the market, has historically and broadly tracked global economic performance. However, growth over the past decade in the use of WIPO’s global IP services, most notably the PCT, has outperformed global GDP growth.

国际专利体系

（《专利合作条约》—PCT）

International patent system

 (Patent Cooperation Treaty – PCT)

#领先的PCT申请人

#Top PCT filers

2020年，中国电信巨头——华为技术有限公司以5,464件已公布PCT申请量连续第四年成为最大的申请人。位居其后的是大韩民国三星电子（3,093件）、日本三菱电机株式会社（2,810件）、大韩民国LG电子公司（2,759件）和美国高通公司（2,173件）。在前十大申请人中，LG电子报告的2020年已公布申请量增长最快（+67.6%），从而使其从2019年的第十位跃至2020年的第四位。

For the fourth consecutive year, China-based telecoms giant Huawei Technologies, with 5,464 published PCT applications, was the top filer in 2020. It was followed by Samsung Electronics of the Republic of Korea (3,093), Mitsubishi Electric Corp. of Japan (2,810), LG Electronics Inc. of the Republic of Korea (2,759) and Qualcomm Inc. of the U.S. (2,173). Among the top 10 filers, LG Electronics reported the fastest growth (+67.6%) in the number of published applications in 2020 and as a result it moved up from 10th position in 2019 to 4th position in 2020.

在教育机构中，加利福尼亚大学以2020年的559件已公布申请继续居于申请人榜首。麻省理工学院（269件）位列第二，其后是深圳大学（252件）、清华大学（231件）和浙江大学（209件）上榜的前十所高校中，有五所来自中国、四所来自美国，一所来自日本。

The University of California with 559 published applications continues to head the list of top applicants among educational institutions in 2020. Massachusetts Institute of Technology (269) ranked second, followed by Shenzhen University (252), Tsinghua University (231) and Zhejiang University (209). The top 10-university list comprises five universities from China, four from the U.S., and one from Japan.

图丨WIPO Photo provided by WIPO

#领先的技术领域

#Top technologies

就技术领域而言，计算机技术（占总量的9.2%）在已公布的PCT申请中占比最大，其次是数字通信（8.3%）、医疗技术（6.6%）、电气机械（6.6%）和测量（4.8%）。

Among fields of technology, computer technology (9.2% of total) accounted for the largest share of published PCT applications, followed by digital communication (8.3%), medical technology (6.6%), electrical machinery (6.6%), and measurement (4.8%).

2020年，在排名前十的技术中，有六项技术获得了两位数的增长，其中音像技术的增长速度最快，达+29.5%，而上年为8.7%。其次是数字通信（+15.8%）、计算机技术（+13.2%）、测量（+10.9%）、半导体（+10.1%）和药品（+10%）。

Six of the top 10 technologies recorded double-digit growth in 2020, with audio-visual technology reporting the fastest rate of growth - +29.5%, compared to 8.7% the previous year - followed by digital communication (+15.8%), computer technology (+13.2%), measurement (+10.9%) semiconductors (+10.1%) and pharmaceuticals (+10%).

国际商标体系

（马德里体系）

International trademark system 

(Madrid System)

2020年美国的申请人（10,005件）使用产权组织马德里体系提交的国际商标申请量最大，其次是德国（7,334件）、中国（7,075件）、法国（3,716件）和联合王国（3,679件）的申请人。

U.S.-based applicants (10,005) filed the largest number of international trademark applications using WIPO’s Madrid System in 2020, followed by those located in Germany (7,334), China (7,075), France (3,716) and the U.K. (3,679).

图丨WIPO Photo provided by WIPO

在前十大来源地中，中国（+16.4%）是唯一一个在2020年取得两位数增长的国家。联合王国（+5.1%）和意大利（+3.6%）也报告了显著增长。除前十名来源地外，大韩民国（+13.4%）、加拿大（+94.4%）和丹麦（11.5%）的增长最为强劲。相比之下，法国（-16.3%）和土耳其（-15.4%）则出现大幅下滑。

Among the top ten origins, China (+16.4%) is the only country to record double-digit growth in 2020. The U.K. (+5.1%) and Italy (+3.6%) also reported notable growth. Outside the top ten origins, the Republic of Korea (+13.4%), Canada (+94.4%), and Denmark (11.5%) saw the strongest growth. In contrast, France (-16.3%) and Turkey (-15.4%) saw sharp declines.

#领先的马德里申请人

#Top Madrid filers

瑞士的诺华集团以233件马德里申请在2020年位列申请人榜首。产权组织在2020年受理的诺华集团申请比2019年多104件，使其从第三位升至首位。紧随诺华集团之后的是中国的华为技术有限公司（197件）、日本的株式会社资生堂（130件）、德国的ADP高斯曼公司（123件）和法国的欧莱雅公司（115件）。2019年最大的申请人欧莱雅公司在2020年的申请量减少了78件，因此下滑至第五位。

Novartis AG of Switzerland with 233 Madrid applications heads the list of top filers in 2020. WIPO received 104 more applications from Novartis in 2020 than in 2019, elevating it from 3rd position to the top spot. Novartis AG was followed by Huawei Technologies of China (197), Shiseido Company of Japan (130), ADP Gauselmann of Germany (123) and L’Oréal of France (115). L’Oréal – the top filer in 2019 – moved down to 5th position as it filed 78 fewer applications in 2020.

图丨WIPO Photo provided by WIPO

#领先的类别

#Top classes

在产权组织受理的国际申请中，指定最多的类是第9类（计算机软硬件及其他电气或电子装置等），占2020年总量的10.6%。其次是第35类（商业服务；8.1%）和第42类（技术服务；7.1%）。在前十大类中，第10类（外科、医疗、牙科和兽医用仪器等；+21.1%）和第5类（药品和其他医用制剂；+9.2%）增长最快。

The most-specified class in international applications received by WIPO was Class 9 (computer hardware and software and other electrical or electronic apparatus, etc.) that accounted for 10.6% of the 2020 total. It was followed by Class 35 (services for business; 8.1%) and Class 42 (technological services; 7.1%). Among the top 10 classes, Class 10 (surgical, medical, dental and veterinary apparatus, etc.; +21.1%) and Class 5 (pharmaceuticals and other preparations for medical purposes; +9.2%) saw the fastest growth.

国际外观设计体系

（海牙体系）

International design system 

(Hague System)

尽管出现大幅减少，德国以3,666项外观设计仍然是国际外观设计体系的最大用户。美国（2,211项外观设计）从第六位上升至成为2020年海牙体系的第二大用户。瑞士（1,994项外观设计）、大韩民国（1,669项）和意大利（1,231项）分别排名第三、第四和第五。在前十大原属国中，美国（+62.7%）、土耳其（+34.7%）和中国（+22.7%）是2020年仅有的三个获得增长的国家。

Despite a substantial decrease, Germany remained the largest user of the international design system, with 3,666 designs. The U.S. (2,211 designs) moved up from 6th position to become the second largest user of the Hague System in 2020. Switzerland (1,994 designs), the Republic of Korea (1,669) and Italy (1,231) are ranked third, fourth and fifth, respectively. Among the top ten origins, the U.S. (+62.7%), Turkey (+34.7%) and China (+22.7%) are the only three countries to record growth in 2020.

图丨WIPO Photo provided by WIPO

#领先的海牙申请人

#Top Hague filers

大韩民国的三星电子凭借已公布申请中的859项外观设计连续第四年占据申请人榜首，其次是美国宝洁公司（623项）、荷兰Fonkel Meubelmarketing（569项）、德国大众（524项）和中国的北京小米移动软件有限公司（516项）。中国企业首次跻身前五名申请人之列。德国的Lampenwelt GMBH——以276项外观设计排名第十——是海牙体系的新用户。

For the fourth consecutive year, Samsung Electronics of the Republic of Korea with 859 designs in published applications headed the list of top filers, followed by Procter & Gamble of the U.S. (623), Fonkel Meubelmarketing of the Netherlands (569), Volkswagen of Germany (524) and Beijing Xiaomi Mobile Software of China (516). For the first time a company from China is among the top five applicants. Lampenwelt GMBH of Germany –ranked tenth with 276 designs – is a new user of the Hague System.

图丨WIPO Photo provided by WIPO

#领先的领域

#Top fields

2020年，与运输工具相关的外观设计（10.1%）在全部外观设计中占比最大；其次是录音和通讯设备（8.8%）、包装和容器（8.4%）、家具（7.4%）、照明设备（6.9%）。在前十大类中，药品和化妆品（+42.6%）在2020年有较大规模增长。

Designs related to means of transport (10.1%) accounted for the largest share of total designs in 2020; followed by recording and communication equipment (8.8%); packages and containers (8.4%); furnishing (7.4%); and lighting apparatus (6.9%). Among the top 10 classes, pharmaceutical and cosmetic products (+42.6%) saw sizeable growth in 2020.

域名争议

Domain name disputes

2020年，商标所有人根据统一域名争议解决政策（UDRP）向产权组织仲裁与调解中心提交了创纪录的4,204起案件，覆盖7,247个域名，使产权组织域名案件总数量达到50,541起。

Trademark owners filed a record 4,204 cases covering 7,247 domain names under the Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) with WIPO’s Arbitration and Mediation Center in 2020, bringing the total number of WIPO domain name cases to 50,541.

图丨WIPO Photo provided by WIPO

在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间，随着越来越多的人会在网上花费更多时间，商标所有人采用产权组织的这项服务不仅有助于加强其网上形象，还有助于向不同业务领域的互联网用户提供真实的内容和可信赖的销售站点。2020年产权组织的案件总量中包括多个利用大流行疫情注册的侵权域名，如hmrc-refund-covid19.com、plaquenil.info、plfizer.com、sanofivaccinescovid19.com和tokyo2021.com。

With a greater number of people spending more time online during the Covid-19 pandemic, trademark owners are taking up this WIPO service not only help to reinforce their online presence, but also to offer authentic content and trusted sales outlets to Internet users across varied business areas. WIPO’s caseload in 2020 included a number of infringing domain names registered to take advantage of the pandemic, such as hmrc-refund-covid19.com, plaquenil.info, plfizer.com, sanofivaccinescovid19.com, and tokyo2021.com.

图丨WIPO Photo provided by WIPO

.COM案件在产权组织通用顶级域（gTLD）案件中占75%，显示了其持续的首要地位；其后的.NET（4%）和.ORG（3%）在产权组织gTLD案件量中的占比仍相差很远。

Representing 75% of WIPO’s generic Top-Level Domain (gTLD) caseload, .COM demonstrated its continuing primacy; the .NET (4%) and .ORG (3%) domains followed at great distance in WIPO’s gTLD caseload.

产权组织还为超过75个国家代码顶级域提供争议解决服务，如.CN（中国）、.EU（欧洲联盟）、.MX（墨西哥）和.UA（乌克兰）。这些案件的增长速度越来越快，反映出国家域名对消费者日益增长的重要性。

WIPO also offers dispute resolution services for over 75 country code Top-Level Domains, such as .CN (China), .EU (European Union), .MX (Mexico), and .UA (Ukraine). Reflecting the increasing importance of national domains for consumers, these cases grew at a faster pace.

2020年产权组织UDRP案件涉及的当事人来自127个国家，比2019年的122个有所增加。美国（提起1,359起案件）、法国（786起）和联合王国（411起）相比2019年都有两位数的增长，仍然是提起案件数量最多的前三个国家，而瑞士（256起）和德国（235起）分别占据第四和第五名。

WIPO UDRP cases in 2020 involved parties from 127 countries, up from 122 in 2019. The U.S., with 1,359 cases filed, France (786), and the U.K. (411) all posted double-digit increases over 2019 levels and remained the top three filing countries, while Switzerland (256) and Germany (235) rounded out the top five.